Концентрация на микроелементи в генотипи градински грах под влияние на инокулация с арбускуларни микоризни гъби и полезни ризобактерии
Славка Калъпчиева, Радка Божинова, Цвета Христева
Abstract: Проучено е влиянието на микробиалния инокулант Europlus®, съдържащ АМ гъби от р. Glomus и полезни ризобактерии от р. Bacillus, върху концентрацията на микроелементи (Fe, Mn, Zn и Cu) в надземната биомаса и корените на шест генотипа градински грах. Изследването е проведено при полски условия в опитното поле на ИЗК “Марица” върху Алувиално-ливадна почва.
Установено е, че микробиалният инокулант влияе слабо върху агрохимичните свойства на почвата. Комбинираният инокулант повишава концентрацията на Fe в надземната биомаса на болшинството генотипи с 2,4%-22,9%. Нарастването на желязото в корените е с 4,4%-12,6%. Наблюдава се повишение на Mn в надземната биомаса на някои генотипи от употребата на комбинирания продукт в интервала от 9,3% до 35,7%, на Zn – от 2,1% до 64,9% и на Cu – от 5,2% до 20,2%. Процентното увеличение на Mn в корените при различните генотипи е с 4,8%-35,1%, на Zn – от 5,3% до 20,8% и на Cu – от 3,3% до 24,4% в сравнение с нетретираните контроли.
Реакцията на отделните генотипи грах към образуване на симбиоза с АМ гъби е различна. Биоинокулантът увеличава степента на колонизация на корените с АМ гъби средно с над 7%. Корелационни зависимости са установени единствено с концентрациите на Fe.
Генотипният фактор е с по-силно влияние върху съдържанието на микроелементи в образците грах. Инокулацията с АМ гъби и полезни ризобактерии е с по-слаб, но достоверен ефект, по отношение на концентрацията на Fe, Mn и Zn в надземната биомаса и корените.
Проведеният клъстерен анализ показва, че според съдържанието на микроелементи в надземната биомаса на граха, след инокулация, се формират два основни клъстера, а при корените три.
Keywords: Bacillus; генотипи градински грах; Glomus; микробиална инокулация; микроелементи
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| Date published: 2024-12-19
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