Растеж и минерален състав на тютюн Виржиния в отговор на минерално торене и биостимуланти
Радка Божинова, Йовко Дюлгерски, Виолета Николова, Николай Николов
Резюме: Проучено е влиянието на минерално торене и на два биостимуланта (микробиален инокулант Mycoplant® и протеинов хидролизат Trainer®) върху растежа и минералния статус на тютюн Виржиния. Изследването е проведено при условия на полски и съдов експеримент върху Хумусно-карбонатна почва.
Установено е, че разсадът от конвенционалната технология, при която се внася оборски тор и минерален азотен тор, e с най-голямо тегло и най-висока концентрация на N и Ca в биомасата. Биостимулантите също имат положителен ефект върху теглото на разсада и съдържанието на макро- и микроелементи. Микробиалният продукт повишава свежото и сухото тегло на разсада с 16,8% - 22,5% спрямо самостоятелното торене с оборски тор, а протеиновият хидролизат Trainer с 8% - 12%. Микробиалният инокулант, съдържащ АМ гъби, увеличава концентрацията на N в разсада с 8% спрямо варианта с оборски тор, на P – с 9%, а на Mg – с 13%. Концентрациите на Fе, Mn, Zn и Cu нарастват също от неговата употреба. Увеличението на азота в разсада от протеиновия хидролизат Trainer е с 11%, а на магнезия – с 4%.
Площта и теглото на листата на тютюн Виржиния от съдовия опит са във висока зависимост от торенето с комбиниран тор. Биопродуктите Mycoplant и Trainer имат по-слаб положителен ефект върху тези показатели. Минералното торене с NPK тор увеличава доказано концентрацията на N, P и K в листата на тютюна. Биостимулантите също подобряват усвояването на основни хранителни елементи от тютюневите растения. Микробиалният инокулант увеличава доказано концентрацията на Fe в листата на тютюн Виржиния – с 25,5% спрямо неторения вариант, а протеиновият хидролизат Trainer - на N (+14,3%).
Ключови думи: арбускуларни микоризни гъби; растежни показатели; макроелементи; микроелементи; протеинов хидролизат; тютюн Виржиния
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| Дата на публикуване: 2024-09-30
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